Spiritual Uses: One of the seven Chieftain Trees of the Irish.

Mix Pine, Cedar, and Juniper to burn for purification.

Sanctify a ritual place.

The cones and nuts of all evergreens were considered fertility charms.

Physical Uses: Native Americans utilized the pine in a great many ways. The nuts were used for food, the cones for decoration, the needles for sewing and the resin for glue.

Pine nuts were used as a nutritious food for babies and convalescents.

The gum was painted onto the surfaces of sore throats. The resin or gum was heated and used as a poultice to draw boils or remove festering splinters and to treat sores and wounds.

A tea (Flu Tea) made from White Pine Bark (or resin) and sprigs was used to treat rheumatism, tuberculosis, flu, colds, and indigestion.

A boiled extract of the inner bark was used to treat diarrhea.

The bark was soaked and placed on wounds as a healing plaster.

A traditional tea (Breath Tea) for treating bronchitis, laryngitis, rheumatism and tonsilitis combined White Pine Bark, Wild Cherry Bark, Sassafras and Spikenard.

A treatment for diabetes (Diabetes Tea) was made with White Pine Bark, Marshmallow, Poplar Bark and Uva Ursi leaves.

Preparation:

FLU TEA:

1. Combine equal amounts of chopped White Pine Bark and Juniper (Juniperus communis) sprigs. Store in a tightly closed container.
2. Boil 1 cup of water.
3. Add 1 teaspoonful of Pine/Juniper mix. Stir briefly and cover.
4. Continue to simmer for 10 minutes.
5. Strain and discard herbs.
6. Dosage: 1 teaspoonful every hour, as needed.

BREATH TEA:

1. Mix equal amounts of chopped
   1. White Pine Bark (or resin),
   2. Wild Cherry Bark (Prunus serotina),
   3. Sassafras (Laurus),
   4. Spikenard (Arialia racemosa). Store in a tightly covered container.
2. Boil 1 pint of water.
3. Add 1 teaspoonful of the mixture. Stir briefly and cover.
4. Simmer for 10 minutes. Remove from heat.
5. Allow to steep for 20 minutes.
6. Strain out the herbs and discard.
7. Dosage: ½ to one teaspoonful every hour.

DIABETES TEA:

1. Mix equal amounts of
   1. White Pine Bark (or resin),
   2. Marshmallow (Althaea officinalis),
   3. Poplar Bark (Populus tremoloides), and
   4. Uva Ursi (Arctostaphylos). Store in a tightly covered container.
2. Boil 1 pint of water.
3. Add 1 teaspoonful of the mixture. Stir briefly and cover.
4. Allow to steep for ½ hour.
5. Strain out and discard the herbs.
6. Dosage: Administer in small doses throughout the day.